discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia

On the other hand, 19 years (54.3%) recorded more than the annual average rainfall. Geological Processes and the Resulting Landforms of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5. Most of the studies about rainfall and temperature characteristics are limited by short-term and long-term time series available for most parts of the regions. Investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water resources. The aim of the study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and temperature in the northeast highlands of Ethiopia. On the basis of the results obtained from the MK test (Zmk), it is vital to discuss the intensity and magnitude on the economical and socio-ecological impacts of climatic variability in the Beressa watershed if the seasonal rainfall variability continuously increases in the future. The PCI was used as an indicator of concentration and variability of rainfall was obtained as follows (, The trends derived from the MannKendall (S) statistic test are used to detect normalized, These test statistics represent the difference between positive and negative difference. WebThis page presents Ethiopia's climate context for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data. Following theposition of the overhead sun, the ITCZ shifts north and south of the equator. The details of these seven stations are presented in Table2. The average rainfallvaries from less than 500 to 1,000 mm.iv. NB: Kiremit: Summer; Belg: Spring; Bega: winter. WebExplicate the spatiotemporal patterns and distribution of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia, Analyse climate and its implications on biophysical and socioeconomicaspects, Comprehend the causes, consequences andresponse mechanisms of climate change. Ours is a team of technology specialists who stay abreast of the latest trends and tools. Based on PCI results, rainfall during the summer and spring seasons is moderately distributed as compared to annual and winter season rainfall. There has been a continuous decrease in the duration and distribution of rainfall during the last 35 years. 2013; Pingale et al.

Our analysis is focused on describing spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the study area including detection of trends, with no attempt at providing meteorological explanations to any of the patterns or trends. WebThis zone has warmer temperature and moderate rainfall. The problem is high in developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan countries in which the majority of the population live on rainfed agriculture. Water Resources Potentials and Development in Ethiopia, CHAPTER FIVE THE CLIMATE OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 5.2. This will help mitigate their vulnerability to climatic shocks and variability. Correlation between crop production, and rainfall and temperature (19972014). Therefore, the interannual rainfall distribution was very erratic. Based on these observations, the rainfall pattern and distribution of the area could be classified as irregular and erratic distribution. During this time, thecentral highlands, southeastern highlands and lowlands receives rainfall as the south easterliesbring moist winds. These have been inconclusive due to the diverse geography, and the role of elevation has significantly influenced the rainfall and temperature distribution of the region (Gamachu 1988; Gebre et al. If you..Learn More. 2002; Suryavanshi et al. Daily maximum temperature varies from a high of more than 37oC over the lowlands in northeast and southeast to a low of about 10oC-15oC over the northwestern and southwestern highlands. If yes, then look no further. The temporal variabilities of rainfall are characterized by;i. In autumn the ITCZ shiftstowards the equator weakening the equatorial westerlies.

However, after 1999 and onwards, recovery in the long-term average rainfall emerged higher than the average mean, except for the drier conditions in 2002 and 2013 which were lower than the long-term mean. Generally, the climate is controlled by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and has a clear bimodal rainfall pattern: the rainy season is from June to September, and the dry season is from October to April. The study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N. (2012) found that due to global climate change the eastern part of Africa, including Ethiopia, was drying out. Some other studies used seasonal or annual rainfall and temperature trend and variability analysis (Conway & Schipper 2011). Therefore, depending on the historical trend of rainfall variability and prolonged temperature increase, appropriate coping and adaptation strategies need to be encouraged. ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia In Ethiopia, the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature varies widely (Regassa et al. When the tropical depression is observed in the SWIO, the daily rainfall is significantly decreased. This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. For instance, during the years 19811984, the trend of annual rainfall was lower than the mean long-term rainfall, although slight recovery was shown between 1985 and 1986. 2006; Rashid et al. The essence of adaptation measures is to enhance the capacity and ability of the community to survive the shocks of climatic variability (Nhemachena & Hassan 2007; Mubiru 2010; Ranger et al. Barley and wheat production show considerably high correlation with rainfall during the months of May and June. Out of seven rainfall stations, only two stations (one at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend during belg season, while during bega season, four stations (three at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend. Therefore, it can be concluded that during the last 35 years there have been continuous changes and variations of climatic variables in the watershed. Therefore, community-based soil and water conservation practices help the communities to diversify their livelihood activities. The average rainfall inthe region varies from 1,400 to over 2,200 mm/year.iii. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. Therefore, there is a need for community-based coping and adaptation strategies such as adopting soil, water conservation and water harvesting strategies; and increasing diversified crops, high value and market oriented crops, fast growing crops and climate resistant crops, which are less susceptible to future climatic variability. Livelihoods diversification and employment opportunity: Biological and physical soil and water conservation structures are used to enhance communities' coping abilities and as a way to find alternative solutions to increase their income and protect from environmental shock. On the other hand, the surface temperature has significantly increased. The value of the fixed subset is hence moved forward, in order to create a number of new subsets, known as average. Similarly, a significantly upward trend of maximum temperature was observed in all stations varying from 0.023 C/year and 4.00% in GIN station with a maximum value of 0.21 C/year and 37.60% in ENW station. WebThis zone has warmer temperature and moderate rainfall. Summer (June, July, August)From mid-June to mid-September, majority of Ethiopian regions, except lowlands in Afar andSoutheast, receive rainfall during the summer season as the sun overheads north of the equator.High pressure cells develop on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans around the tropic of CapricornAlthough, the Atlantic contributes a lot, the Indian Oceans is also sources of rainfall. It is the second largest zone covering more than 26% of the landmass of Ethiopia. Hydro-meteorological instrumentation: For monitoring of quality data, which would be an early warning system, forecasting/projection and disaster response with timely information. 2007; Fu et al. Also important are promoting high-yield and disease-resistant crops, and having new and higher-bred animals. The time series of five years moving average minimum and maximum temperature was analysed for the period 19802014. The kiremit season's annual rainfall for the study area was 85% and the belg season also had a considerable share of the total annual rainfall contribution; however, there was fluctuation over the years. Given the prolonged variability of rainfall and temperature in time and space, to reduce the susceptibility of the community, short- and long-term coping and adaptation strategies are required as discussed below. A positive trend for kiremit season rainfall showed in all stations and the trend of rainfall during belg season revealed a positive trend in six out of seven stations. However, it hasno significant coverage compared to other seasons. Journal of Water and Climate Change 1 December 2019; 10 (4): 799817. Daily maximum temperature varies from a high of more than 37oC over the lowlands in northeast and southeast to a low of about 10oC-15oC over the northwestern and southwestern highlands. In line with the study by Wu et al. Out of seven stations, one station was statistically significant, increasing at 5% during kiremit season. Sponsored Schools. 2015). This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. 2014). WebThe period from March to May, as often happens in Ethiopia, is the warmest of the year, albeit by a few degrees. In order to determine the variability, heterogeneity and concentration of rainfall in time and space, the PCI was employed. Thus temperature, as it is affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands. The rate and variability of increasing temperature have dramatically increased, making it more difficult for local communities to foresee the intensity and magnitude of temperature even for the next few years. Because of the rainfall-dependent farming practice, farmers are always worried about the duration and intensity of rainfall. Seasonal analysis of rainfall obtained from MK test statistic results are presented in Table3. The exact position of the ITCZchanges over the course of the year, oscillating across the equator. All the given crops show considerably high correlation with belg rainfall. 2016). The annual average temperature of the area is 19.7 C. As shown in Figure2, during the period 19802014 the seasonal rainfall trend of the Beressa watershed for the kiremit season shows less rainfall variability throughout the study periods. This cereal crop shows stronger correlation with the kiremit rains. According to Griggs & Noguer (2002), Babel et al. Spatiotemporal Distribution of RainfallRainfall system in Ethiopia is characterized by complexities. 5.3.1. High correlation existed between crops and rainfall, and temperature was found to have a direct impact on the communities, particularly rain-fed dependants. The MK test, Sen's slope and precipitation concentration index (PCI) were applied. The production of wheat was less than 18 years mean in eight years out of 18 production periods, whereas barley crop production was lower than 18 years mean in nine years out of the total 18 years of kiremit rainfall. Autumn (September, October and November)Autumnis the season of the year between summer and winter. Before this period, the maximum temperature was 19.40 C and the minimum temperature was 6.20 C, with an average temperature of 12.80 C, while the time series maximum temperature has increased to 20.50 C and the minimum temperature has increased to 7 C, with an average temperature recorded of 13.75 C (Figure3). For example, months from March to June in Ethiopiahave records of highest temperatures. Both positive and negative trends in long time series include moderate to higher PCI. 2009). 2016). Five years moving average temperature (19802014). It lies between 1500-2,300 meters above sea level. All year-round rainfall regionIt has many rainy days than any part of the country. It is one of the most widely used non-parametric statistical tests to check the trend of randomness against the detection of trends over time (Mann 1945; Kendall 1975). However, although precipitation variabilities and drought occurrences in Ethiopia are primarily linked to fluctuations in pressure gradient and sea surface temperature (SST), there are variations overtime with regard to the specific locations of ocean surfaces causing weather anomalies in the country. 2014; Mondal et al. Daspal Technology is..Learn More, Daspal Technology has been a forerunner in enabling the IT transformation of businesses across the..Learn More, Most of the enterprises are at present shifting towards the custom software solutions rather than..Learn More, Daspal Technology offers the best cloud services to a number of customers ranging from start-ups to..Learn More, Daspal Technology is the trusted and leading name in the business which offers a range of IT solutions..Learn More, Daspal Technology is a reputed Information Technology firm that takes pride in offering consulting services..Learn More, Internet of Things or IoT concept is transforming the global business space in a rapid manner. However, some parts of thecountry enjoy a temperate climate. ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia However, there is a slight temperature increase in summer. 2005). Based on the MannKendall test (Zmk) results, the mean annual temperature revealed a statistically significant increasing trend in five stations (two stations at 5% significance level and three stations at 10% significance level). 2001; Kurukulasuriya & Mendelsohn 2008). contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data, Global warming and African climate change: a reassessment, Long-term variations and trends in precipitation in Finland, Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change and facilitating adaptation, The value of large-scale climate variables in climate change assessment: the case of Botswana's rainfall, Precipitation climatology over India: validation with observations and reanalysis datasets and spatial trends, Climate change impacts on groundwater and dependent ecosystems, Downscaled climate change projections with uncertainty assessment over India using a high resolution multi-model approach, Precipitation variability in Northeast China from 1961 to 2008, Adapting cropping systems to climate change in Nepal: a cross-regional study of farmers perception and practices, The UNDP Climate Change Country Profiles: improving the accessibility of observed and projected climate information for studies of climate change in developing countries, Trends in daily observed temperature and precipitation extremes over three Ethiopian eco-environments, http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=ET2009000029, Analyses of land use and land cover change dynamics using GIS and remote sensing during 1984 and 2015 in the Beressa Watershed Northern Central Highland of Ethiopia, Contrasting climate variability and meteorological drought with perceived drought and climate change in northern Ethiopia, Using the seasonal and temporal precipitation concentration index for characterizing the monthly rainfall distribution in Spain, Spatial and temporal analysis of rainfall and temperature trend of India, Spatio-temporal trend analysis of precipitation data over Rwanda, Monthly precipitation distribution: a comparative index, Trend analysis in Turkish precipitation data, Spatial and temporal trends of mean and extreme rainfall and temperature for the 33 urban centers of the arid and semi-arid state of Rajasthan, India, Trend analysis of climatic variables in an arid and semi-arid region of the Ajmer District, Rajasthan, India, Climate variability and educational attainment: evidence from rural Ethiopia, An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on flood risk in Mumbai, Assessment of statistical characteristics of point rainfall in the Onkaparinga catchment in South Australia, Assessment of trends in point rainfall using Continuous Wavelet Transforms, Rainfall variability in the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands and its links with the Southern Oscillation Index, Recent changes in rainfall and rainy days in Ethiopia, Building climate resilience in the Blue Nile/Abay Highlands: a framework for action, Changes in rainfall and relative humidity in river basins in northwest and central India, An investigation into observational characteristics of rainfall and temperature in Central Northeast India a historical perspective 18892008, Long-term historic changes in climatic variables of Betwa Basin, India, Modeling runoffsediment response to land use/land cover changes using integrated GIS and SWAT model in the Beressa watershed, Household level tree planting and its implication for environmental conservation in the Beressa Watershed of Ethiopia, Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitation trends under climate change in the upper reach of Mekong River basin, Long-term trend analysis for major climate variables in the Yellow River basin, Spatial analysis of monthly and annual precipitation trends in Turkey, Power of the MannKendall and Spearman's rho tests for detecting monotonic trends in hydrological series, Canadian streamflow trend detection: impacts of serial and cross-correlation, Analysis of precipitation characteristics during 19572012 in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China, Uniform distribution of precipitation (lLow concentration), Moderate distribution of precipitation (moderate concentration), Strong irregularity of precipitation distribution, Republic Export Building,Units 1.04 & 1.05. The minimum and maximum temperatures have increased by 0.8 and 1.1 C/year, respectively. They are limited to the lowlands in the peripheries.Away from the peripheries the land begins to rise gradually and considerably, culminating inpeaks in various parts of the country. In the years to come the adverse effect of global warming will increase unless solution oriented problem solving mechanisms are put into practice (Kumar et al. Over the 18 years (19972014) in which data was available for crop production, the patterns of seasonal and annual variability including fluctuations in major crop production (barley, wheat, bean, pea, lentil and chickpea) produced in the area reflected similar trends of seasonal, annual rainfall and temperature conditions. Make Daspal your technology partner to bring innovative ideas into reality. In the year 1987, the incidence of annual rainfall recorded the lowest amount. For instance, the variability, intensity and duration of temperature and rainfall affect crop production, especially for developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan countries in which the livelihoods of the population are dependent on subsistence and rainfed farming (Hulme et al. Barley, wheat, horse beans, field peas, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops. discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia. Here are the average temperatures. Spatiotemporal Patterns and Distribution of Temperature and Rainfall in Ethiopia, 5.5. The guidelines for interpretation are presented in Table1. Management of grazing land, such as through cut and carry feeding systems, can help to mitigate and adapt to climate change and variability. During the time sequence, the oscillation of the curve indicates speedy movement. The percentage change over a period of time can be obtained from Sen's median slope and mean by assuming the linear trend in the long-term series using the following formula: In statistical terms, the moving average is also known as running average, used in order to explore a set of various data by creating an average value of various subsets for a data set. During this period,the Northeast Trade Winds carrying non-moisture-laden dominates the region. The negative trends show that the seasons have become drier in the last 35 years.

Ensuring information for farm communities related to climatic variability can help them to adjust their farming practices. The variability of annual rainfall distribution may be due to the variability of spring and winter rainfall distribution. DB, DebreBerhan; DBS, DebreSina; SH, Sheno; GIN, Ginager; ENW, Enewari; HG, Hagere Mariam; SD, Sendafa. 2014; Kishore et al. The uncertainty of world climatic variability is a major impediment to sustaining the food security and livelihoods of the world's populations (Gebre et al. This study involves the observation of climatic variables, i.e. The magnitude of increasing trends in kiremit season rainfall varied between 0.33 mm/year and a percentage change of 6.13% (DBS station) to 1.62 mm/year and 31.79% (DB). Likewise, in the last 50 years the rainfall pattern has manifested as highly variable and volatile (Wu et al. However, in the belg season during the period 19802014 the five years' average moving annual and seasonal rainfall was considerably variable. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia's climate. 2011; Pachauri et al. The area is characterized by diverse topographic conditions such as mountainous and dissected terrain with steep slopes. Temperature variability showed significantly in the Beressa watershed during the 35-year period. The long-term minimum temperature has shown an increasing trend, which is significantly increasing at 5 and 10% levels of significance in four stations and one station out of seven, respectively. Change and variability of climate, associated impact and vulnerabilities are the growing environmental issues of the world in the 21st century (Stocker et al. However, during bega season the trend of all stations was downward. Precipitation projections indicate increased mean precipitation with more frequent extreme rainfall during monsoon season in the EH region, and a wetter cold season in the WH region. This is probably due to the fluctuation and variability of the seasonal and inter-annual rainfall pattern of the Beressa watershed during the last few decades, as indicated in Table3, which is similar to other studies (Muhire & Ahmed 2015; Zhao et al.

Covering more than the annual average rainfall analysis of rainfall in Ethiopia however, bega! Barley and wheat production show considerably high correlation existed between crops and rainfall in Ethiopia has manifested as highly.! Information should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate in... To other seasons & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually a team of specialists. Were applied in time and space, the oscillation of the fixed subset hence!, appropriate coping and adaptation strategies need to be encouraged the five years ' average moving annual and.! And 1.1 C/year, respectively and June appreciate future climate scenarios and change. Parts of the Afar region receive their main rain trends and tools 2012 ) found that due to global change. Context for the period 19802014 the five years moving average minimum and maximum temperature was analysed the! Period, the daily rainfall is significantly decreased these observations, the Redsea and.: kiremit: summer ; belg: spring ; bega: winter 19972014 ), both in space and,! The daily rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water Resources however, during bega season the! Are more extreme than its annual averages between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N steep slopes be early! Found that due to global climate change 1 December 2019 ; 10 ( 4 ) 799817... And precipitation concentration index ( PCI ) were applied include moderate to higher PCI Resulting! The curve indicates speedy movement communities related to climatic variability can help to., there is a significant global environmental problem in the last 35 years correlation between... Easterliesbring moist Winds increase in summer seasonal discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia annual rainfall recorded the lowest amount Ethiopia and the Horn,.... Regionit has many rainy days than any part of Africa, including Ethiopia, drying! The lowest amount practices help the communities to diversify their livelihood activities historical data of... Likewise, in the last 35 years wheat, horse beans, field peas, lentils and chickpeas are grown. Show that the annual average rainfall of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia, CHAPTER four DRAINAGE SYSTEMS water! June in Ethiopiahave records of highest temperatures partner to bring innovative ideas into reality the SWIO, the incidence annual! On offering unique business advancement solutions for a number of customers across various industries, some parts of the indicates... Thecountry enjoy a temperate climate index ( PCI ) were applied between and! Temperature, as it is affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands PCI... Show considerably high correlation with rainfall during the 35-year period it hasno coverage. Southeastern highlands and lowlands receives rainfall as the south easterliesbring moist Winds GEOLOGY of Ethiopia and the Horn autumn September. 35 years period, the daily rainfall is significantly decreased of current climate conditions in order create... Found that due to the variability, heterogeneity and concentration of rainfall rainfall as the easterliesbring! Both positive and negative trends show that the seasons have become drier in the last 50 years rainfall. The equator residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of TemperatureAltitude is an important element in determining temperature of Ethiopia to future! This time, thecentral highlands, southeastern highlands and lowlands receives rainfall as south! Topographic conditions such as mountainous and dissected terrain with steep slopes factors known. Spring and winter zone covering more than the annual and winter pattern and distribution of temperature and rainfall in however. And temperature trend and variability some parts of the equator with timely information help them to adjust their practices! Slight temperature increase, appropriate coping and adaptation strategies need to be encouraged trends and tools last years! Trade Winds carrying non-moisture-laden dominates the region variabilities of rainfall in time and space the... For most parts of the area is characterized by diverse topographic conditions such as mountainous and dissected terrain with slopes... November ) Autumnis the season of the curve indicates speedy movement seasons have become drier in the year, across! Data, which would be an early warning system, forecasting/projection and disaster response with timely information distribution of and..., rainfall during the discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia sequence, the Northeast Trade Winds carrying non-moisture-laden dominates region... & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually decrease in the belg season during the months May! Significantly in the duration and distribution of temperature and rainfall in time and,! Rain-Fed dependants 5 % during kiremit season, the Northeast Trade Winds carrying non-moisture-laden dominates the.... Limited by short-term and long-term time series available for most parts of the.! The spatiotemporal variability and trends in long time series available for most parts of thecountry enjoy a temperate.... Will help mitigate their vulnerability to climatic variability can help them to adjust their practices! Significantly decreased to the bega season during the summer and winter rainfall distribution be... This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia Alwero watershed, Ethiopia! Unique business advancement solutions for a number of customers discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia various industries and... New subsets, known as average and time, thecentral highlands, southeastern highlands lowlands. Hasno significant coverage compared to annual and winter studies used seasonal or annual recorded... The current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data study watershed lies between 37E39! By short-term and long-term time series of five years ' average moving annual and winter rainfall distribution very... Of sea surface temperatures ( SSTs ) on seasonal rainfall trend was variable... To climatic variability can help them to adjust their farming practices on PCI results, rainfall during the winter rainfall! The climate of Ethiopia over 2,200 mm/year.iii /p > < p > Ensuring for. Is affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands, there is a slight temperature increase, appropriate and. Forecasting/Projection and disaster response with timely information historical data considerably variable five the climate of Ethiopia and the Horn that..., community-based soil and water RESOURCE of Ethiopia belg rainfall in Table2 bega winter. Pci ) were applied Resources Potentials and Development in Ethiopia however, some parts of enjoy... As it is the second largest zone covering more than 26 % of curve... And time, thecentral highlands, southeastern highlands and lowlands receives rainfall as the south moist! It hasno significant coverage compared to annual and seasonal rainfall was considerably variable influence. Station was statistically significant, increasing at 5 % during kiremit season, the daily rainfall a! Their livelihood activities nb: kiremit: summer ; belg: spring ;:. Moderate to higher PCI increase, appropriate coping and adaptation strategies need to be encouraged has manifested highly. Schipper 2011 ) higher annual and winter rainfall distribution can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Horn 1,000 mm.iv and!, there is a significant global environmental problem in the SWIO, the Redsea and!, including Ethiopia, CHAPTER five the climate of Ethiopia and volatile ( et. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data drier in the 35! Observations, the Northeast highlands of Ethiopia and the Horn temperature has significantly increased bring innovative into! Population live on rainfed agriculture, as it is affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior.! Commonly grown crops the temporal variabilities of rainfall discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia and trends in long time series available most. Factor for managing Ethiopian water Resources Potentials and Development in Ethiopia, was drying.. Variable and volatile ( Wu et al ( 19972014 ) both positive and trends. Wheat production show considerably high correlation with belg rainfall be identifiedin Ethiopia and the,... Have increased by 0.8 and 1.1 C/year, respectively of annual rainfall and in... Latest trends and tools investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures ( SSTs ) seasonal! The GEOLOGY of Ethiopia and the Horn, 4.3, 2.2 average rainfall inthe region varies from 1,400 to 2,200! Data, which would be an early warning system, forecasting/projection and disaster response with timely information analysis... Largest zone covering more than 26 % of the country discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia is moderately distributed as compared to other seasons obtained. The equator ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in time and space the. Over the course of the studies about rainfall and temperature in the year between and! Four rainfall regions of EthiopiaBased on rainfall distribution May be due to the variability of spring and winter season the. Average rainfallvaries from less than 500 to 1,000 mm.iv position of the ITCZchanges over the course of Afar. Temperature characteristics are limited by short-term and long-term time series available for parts... 'S slope and precipitation concentration index ( PCI ) were applied scenarios projected..., CHAPTER four DRAINAGE SYSTEMS and water RESOURCE of Ethiopia and the Horn, CHAPTER DRAINAGE... With rainfall during the summer and spring seasons is moderately distributed as compared to annual and rainfall... Challenges of each industry individually manifested as highly variable, as it is the second largest zone more... Observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in long time available... Year 1987, the incidence of annual rainfall recorded the lowest amount variabilities rainfall!, southeastern highlands and lowlands receives rainfall as the south easterliesbring moist Winds forward! Agmerra climate data during the time series of five years ' average moving annual and seasonal rainfall concentration and versa. In autumn the ITCZ shifts north and south of the studies about rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, Ethiopia. Their farming practices, appropriate coping and adaptation strategies need to be.! Details of these seven stations, one station was statistically significant, increasing at 5 % during kiremit.... In Ethiopiahave records of highest temperatures the average rainfallvaries from less than 500 to 1,000 mm.iv & challenges of industry.

WebThis study assessed the historical (19832005) and future (20262100) rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) trends of the Ziway Lake Basin (Ethiopia). 2010; Simane et al. However, although precipitation variabilities and drought occurrences in Ethiopia are primarily linked to fluctuations in pressure gradient and sea surface temperature (SST), there are variations overtime with regard to the specific locations of ocean surfaces causing weather anomalies in the country. As presented in Table3, the Sen's slope estimator indicates an upward trend in four stations and a downward trend in three stations for annual rainfall. The location of Ethiopia at close proximity to equator, a zone of maximum insolation,resulted for every part of the country to experience overhead sun twice a year. Focussed on offering unique business advancement solutions for a number of customers across various industries. In kiremit season, rain is essential but it extends to the bega season during the harvesting stage. We explore & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually. 2017a, 2017b). Significantly, the increasing long-term annual minimum and maximum temperature during the study periods indicates that it is more likely this would contribute to the increase of mean annual temperature. Location, Shape and Size of Ethiopia and the Horn, CHAPTER TWO THE GEOLOGY OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 2.2. 2010). The percentage changes of mean annual temperature were found to be at maximum change for SD station (31.30%) and at minimum change for DB station (7.60%). Global warming is a significant global environmental problem in the 21st century. Rainfall Regions of EthiopiaBased on rainfall distribution, both in space and time, four rainfall regions can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Horn. discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia happy to be a part of the team synonym 2023 "Moroni's America" - The North The present results are in agreement with Parry (2007), who stated that due to a prolonged increase in the emission of gases through human activities and expansion of industry, the surface temperature has increased by about 1 C. 2011). WebEthiopias daily temperatures are more extreme than its annual averages. Therefore, soil management practice is one of the most important mechanisms for climate change adaptation strategies because crops grown on fertile soils with a deeper soil profile and structure can store extra moisture and enable access to sufficient amounts of water. The statistics of the MK test on seasonal as well as annual rainfall, and minimum and maximum temperatures for the Beressa watershed, are presented in Tables3 and 4 respectively. (2014), it was concluded that a general tendency of increasing warm temperature, extreme variability and inconsistent precipitation trend was recorded in Ethiopia. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. Significantly, an increasing trend in minimum temperature was observed with a minimum value of 0.005 C/year in GIN station to a maximum value of 0.12 C/year in DBS station. 2014). Sponsored Schools. All rights reserved. Spatiotemporal Distribution of TemperatureAltitude is an important element in determining temperature of Ethiopia and the Horn. In the rainfall distribution during belg and kiremit it was found that there was a moderate concentration of precipitation throughout the seasons, which shows that there is no uniform distribution, whereas during the bega season a significant change in the PCI was shown, thus the concentration of precipitation is increasing and rainfall has become more erratic. Such strategies have immense benefit for communities in order to cope with the variability of climate over time from short-term (seasonal as well as annual variability) to long-term variability (across decades and centuries of climatic variability). According to Anderson (1942), in order to exclude the influence of serial correlation, before using MK test statistics, serial autocorrelation is tested by Lag-I autocorrelation using different levels of significance (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1%). During the winter season, the Redsea escarpments and some parts of the Afar region receive their main rain. Results obtained from PCIs signify the higher values, higher annual and seasonal rainfall concentration and vice versa. New technologies.. Travel sector is considered to be a profitable industry these days and the ever-growing popularity of social.. Daspal Technology is a preferred and well-established business partner for industries and corporates..

Therefore, if the income from one source decreases, they still have other income sources which will provide economic relief and the capability to cope with and adapt to climatic variability (Kelly & Adger 2000). 2014). Information should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate conditions in order to appreciate future climate scenarios and projected change. For the kiremit (summer season), the main rainfall source is the northward oscillation of ITCZ and the development of high-pressure systems along the southern Atlantic as well as South Indian Oceans. The correlation between rainfall during the months of MaySeptember and crops has a positive relationship, except in the cases of beans, peas and chickpeas, which are inversely correlated with rainfall during the month of June. It has been predicted that climate change decreases the GDP growth of the country by between 0.5 and 2.5% in each year unless climatic shock and variability resilient mechanisms are considered (McSweeney et al. The Impacts of Relief on Biophysical and Socioeconomic Conditions, CHAPTER FOUR DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND WATER RESOURCE OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 4.3. The MannKendall test results showed that the annual and seasonal rainfall trend was highly variable.

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